Lola Schmierer Roth (born Dorothea Schmierer) (1893-1981), painter, born in Galati, Romania. She studied at the Filipide high school for girls and during 1908-1911 she took drawing and painting classes with Antonio Zumino (1864-1927), an Italian academic painter who lived temporarily in Galați. In 1911 she travelled to Vienna and then to Berlin where she continued her art studies, followed by a sejour in Paris when she attended the Academie Julian art school. She returned to Berlin the same year and resided there until 1914 with her grandfather, the linguist Heimann Hariton Tiktin 1850-1936). Schmierer returned to Galati residing there until the end of WW1. During 1919 she traveled to Constantinople (Istanbul), Athens, Naples, and Switerland eventually settling in Berlin. Between 1930-1935 she lived in Paris. During the Holocaust years she was in Romania. Her husband, Wilhelm Roth, was arrested in June 1942 and held at Targu-Jiu camp and then placed under house arrest in Craiova after 1943.
Schmierer Roth participated at the Romanian National Salon in 1933, 1935, 1936 with paintings, and in 1933-1935, 1946 and 1947 with graphics. In April 1935 she had her first solo exhibition at the gallery Prietenii Cărţii in Bucharest. After 1948 she started exhibiting again.
After WW2, she was marginalized by the communist regime and her activity was almost exclusively pedagogical. Schmierer Roth lived modestly as a drawing and art history teacher at several schools in Galati. Only during the 1970s she could return to the forefront of the city's cultural life. In 1972 she had a large solo exhibition at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Galati, and in 1973 she had a solo exhibition in Bucharest.
Schmierer Roth was awarded the Anastase Simu Prize for her work Autoportret at the National Salon Exhibition in Bucharest in 1933.
In 2003 her daughter and son-in-law donated 74 works by Schmierer Roth to the Museum of Visual Arts of Galati. 47 works from this donation were displayed in an exhibition at the Museum of Visual Arts of Galati in November 2014.
Roth
A village in the municipality of Weimar in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district in Gießen administrative region, Hesse, Germany.
First Jewish presence: 1611; peak Jewish population: 45 in 1900; Jewish population in 1933: 32 (six families)
On the basis of the prince-elector’s legislation on community affairs (dated December 30, 1823), the Jews of Roth, Fronhausen and Lohra were able to form a synagogue community in Roth. In 1861, the combined Jewish population of the three towns was 101. Fronhausen and Lohra left the synagogue community in 1880. In 1832, after the synagogue in Roth burned down, the community built a new house of worship. Records from 1883 mention that the new synagogue had its own seal— intertwined twigs—and two Torah scrolls. The synagogue was renovated on several occasions: in 1916, for example, the annex was rebuilt. The community also maintained a cemetery, a mikveh (located in the synagogue’s annex) and a school for religious studies, the last of which was often periodically shut down for lack of qualified teachers; after 1882, Jewish children attended the town’s public school. At the Jewish cemetery, the oldest gravestone is dated 1816; Jewish burials were conducted in Marburg from 1939 onwards.
From early 1936 until July 1938, the Jewish population dropped from 29 to 13. On November 8, 1938 (one day before Pogrom Night) the synagogue’s windows, interior and Judaica were destroyed. Later, on February 9, 1939, the synagogue was forcibly sold to a cabinet maker and a farmer, after which the site was used for storing lumber. The cemetery was closed in 1940; in 1941, a section of the burial ground was sold to neighboring residents, and in December 1942, a representative of the Jewish community in Frankfurt sold another section to residents of Roth. Seven Roth Jews immigrated to the United States or South Africa. Nineteen Neustadt Jews were brought to Roth in the spring of 1941, so that the Jewish population for October 28, 1941 was 28. Nine local Jews were deported to Theresienstadt Nazi concentration camp in 1941 and on September 9, 1942—all nine perished there. At least 29 Roth Jews were murdered in in the Shoah.
At the initiative of an American soldier, the cemetery was restored by 1949; a memorial plaque was later unveiled there. Memorial stones were also erected in honor of the Stern and Hoechster families. Roth’s synagogue, which was restored in 1990 and opened to the public in August 2008, bears a commemorative plaque.
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This entry was originally published on Beit Ashkenaz - Destroyed German Synagogues and Communities website and contributed to the Database of the Museum of the Jewish People courtesy of Beit Ashkenaz.
Roth
A village in the municipality of Weimar in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district in Gießen administrative region, Hesse, Germany.
First Jewish presence: 1611; peak Jewish population: 45 in 1900; Jewish population in 1933: 32 (six families)
On the basis of the prince-elector’s legislation on community affairs (dated December 30, 1823), the Jews of Roth, Fronhausen and Lohra were able to form a synagogue community in Roth. In 1861, the combined Jewish population of the three towns was 101. Fronhausen and Lohra left the synagogue community in 1880. In 1832, after the synagogue in Roth burned down, the community built a new house of worship. Records from 1883 mention that the new synagogue had its own seal— intertwined twigs—and two Torah scrolls. The synagogue was renovated on several occasions: in 1916, for example, the annex was rebuilt. The community also maintained a cemetery, a mikveh (located in the synagogue’s annex) and a school for religious studies, the last of which was often periodically shut down for lack of qualified teachers; after 1882, Jewish children attended the town’s public school. At the Jewish cemetery, the oldest gravestone is dated 1816; Jewish burials were conducted in Marburg from 1939 onwards.
From early 1936 until July 1938, the Jewish population dropped from 29 to 13. On November 8, 1938 (one day before Pogrom Night) the synagogue’s windows, interior and Judaica were destroyed. Later, on February 9, 1939, the synagogue was forcibly sold to a cabinet maker and a farmer, after which the site was used for storing lumber. The cemetery was closed in 1940; in 1941, a section of the burial ground was sold to neighboring residents, and in December 1942, a representative of the Jewish community in Frankfurt sold another section to residents of Roth. Seven Roth Jews immigrated to the United States or South Africa. Nineteen Neustadt Jews were brought to Roth in the spring of 1941, so that the Jewish population for October 28, 1941 was 28. Nine local Jews were deported to Theresienstadt Nazi concentration camp in 1941 and on September 9, 1942—all nine perished there. At least 29 Roth Jews were murdered in in the Shoah.
At the initiative of an American soldier, the cemetery was restored by 1949; a memorial plaque was later unveiled there. Memorial stones were also erected in honor of the Stern and Hoechster families. Roth’s synagogue, which was restored in 1990 and opened to the public in August 2008, bears a commemorative plaque.
----------------------------------------
This entry was originally published on Beit Ashkenaz - Destroyed German Synagogues and Communities website and contributed to the Database of the Museum of the Jewish People courtesy of Beit Ashkenaz.
Lola Schmierer Roth (born Dorothea Schmierer) (1893-1981), painter, born in Galati, Romania. She studied at the Filipide high school for girls and during 1908-1911 she took drawing and painting classes with Antonio Zumino (1864-1927), an Italian academic painter who lived temporarily in Galați. In 1911 she travelled to Vienna and then to Berlin where she continued her art studies, followed by a sejour in Paris when she attended the Academie Julian art school. She returned to Berlin the same year and resided there until 1914 with her grandfather, the linguist Heimann Hariton Tiktin 1850-1936). Schmierer returned to Galati residing there until the end of WW1. During 1919 she traveled to Constantinople (Istanbul), Athens, Naples, and Switerland eventually settling in Berlin. Between 1930-1935 she lived in Paris. During the Holocaust years she was in Romania. Her husband, Wilhelm Roth, was arrested in June 1942 and held at Targu-Jiu camp and then placed under house arrest in Craiova after 1943.
Schmierer Roth participated at the Romanian National Salon in 1933, 1935, 1936 with paintings, and in 1933-1935, 1946 and 1947 with graphics. In April 1935 she had her first solo exhibition at the gallery Prietenii Cărţii in Bucharest. After 1948 she started exhibiting again.
After WW2, she was marginalized by the communist regime and her activity was almost exclusively pedagogical. Schmierer Roth lived modestly as a drawing and art history teacher at several schools in Galati. Only during the 1970s she could return to the forefront of the city's cultural life. In 1972 she had a large solo exhibition at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Galati, and in 1973 she had a solo exhibition in Bucharest.
Schmierer Roth was awarded the Anastase Simu Prize for her work Autoportret at the National Salon Exhibition in Bucharest in 1933.
In 2003 her daughter and son-in-law donated 74 works by Schmierer Roth to the Museum of Visual Arts of Galati. 47 works from this donation were displayed in an exhibition at the Museum of Visual Arts of Galati in November 2014.